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La Comisión Interamericana de Derechos Humanos condena ejecución de Edgar Tamayo Arias en Estados Unidos

Edgar Tamayo
27 de enero de 2014 - Washington, D.C. — La Comisión Interamericana de Derechos Humanos (CIDH) condena la ejecución judicial de Edgar Tamayo Arias, la cual tuvo lugar el 22 de enero de 2014 en Texas, Estados Unidos, en violación de sus derechos fundamentales.

En enero de 2012 fue presentada, en nombre del señor Tamayo, una petición alegando violaciones a la Declaración Americana así como una solicitud de medidas cautelares. La CIDH, mediante el otorgamiento de medidas cautelares, solicitó a Estados Unidos de ejecutar la pena capital hasta tanto la Comisión tuviera la oportunidad de decidir sobre los reclamos de la peticionaria. El 17 de julio de 2012 la CIDH decidió que el caso era admisible.

Luego de analizar el fondo del caso, el 15 de enero de 2014 la Comisión Interamericana adoptó el Informe No. 1/14 en el cual concluyó, entre otros, que el no respeto por parte del Estado de la obligación de informar al señor Tamayo de su derecho a la notificación y asistencia consulares prevista en el artículo 36.1 de la Convención de Viena sobre Relaciones Consulares lo privó de un proceso penal que satisfaga los estándares mínimos de debido proceso y juicio justo requeridos bajo la Declaración Americana. En consecuencia, la Comisión recomendó a Estados Unidos revisar el juicio y la condena del señor Tamayo de acuerdo con las garantías reconocidas en la Declaración Americana. A pesar de las conclusiones y recomendaciones emitidas por la Comisión, el gobierno de Texas procedió a ejecutar al señor Tamayo como previsto.

La Comisión Interamericana deplora la falta de cumplimiento de Estados Unidos y del estado de Texas con las recomendaciones emitidas por la CIDH en un informe de fondo. El hecho que Estados Unidos no haya preservado la vida del señor Tamayo estando pendiente una solicitud de la CIDH de revisión de su juicio y condena, contraviene sus obligaciones internacionales derivadas de la Carta de la Organización de Estados Americanos y de la Declaración Americana en vigor desde que Estados Unidos se incorporó a las OEA en 1951. La falta de cumplimiento con las recomendaciones de la Comisión resultó en un grave e irreparable daño al derecho más fundamental del señor Tamayo, el derecho a la vida.

La Comisión Interamericana ha abordado durante décadas la cuestión de la pena de muerte como un desafío crucial en materia de derechos humanos. A pesar de que la mayoría de los Estados miembros de la Organización de Estados Americanos ha abolido la pena capital, una minoría considerable la mantiene. Al respecto, la Comisión destaca que Estados Unidos es actualmente el único país del hemisferio occidental en aplicar ejecuciones a la pena de muerte.

La Comisión reitera la recomendación formulada en su informe “La pena de muerte en el Sistema Interamericano de Derechos Humanos: de restricciones a abolición” publicado en 2012, de que los Estados apliquen una moratoria a las ejecuciones como paso hacia la gradual supresión de este tipo de pena.

La CIDH es un órgano principal y autónomo de la Organización de los Estados Americanos (OEA), cuyo mandato surge de la Carta de la OEA y de la Convención Americana sobre Derechos Humanos. La Comisión está integrada por siete miembros independientes que se desempeñan en forma personal, que no representan a ningún país en particular y que son elegidos por la Asamblea General de la OEA.

Fuente: CIDH, 27 de enero de 2014


English Translation: IACHR Condemns Execution of Edgar Tamayo Arias in the United States

January 27, 2014 - Washington, D.C. — The Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) condemns the judicial execution of Edgar Tamayo Arias, which took place on January 22, 2014, in Texas, United States, in violation of his fundamental rights.

In January 2012 a petition alleging the violation of the American Declaration and a request for precautionary measures were filed on Mr. Tamayo’s behalf. The IACHR granted precautionary measures asking the United States to refrain from carrying out the death penalty until the Commission had the opportunity to issue a decision on the petitioner's claims. On July 17, 2012, the IACHR decided the case was admissible.

After analyzing the merits of the case, on January 15, 2014, the Inter-American Commission adopted Report No. 1/14 in which it concluded, among other findings, that the State’s failure to respect its obligation under Article 36.1 of the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations to inform Mr. Tamayo of his right to consular notification and assistance deprived him of a criminal process that satisfied the minimum standards of due process and a fair trial required under the American Declaration. Accordingly, the Commission recommended that the United States review Mr. Tamayo’s trial and sentence in accordance with the guarantees recognized in the American Declaration. Despite the Commission’s conclusions and recommendations, the government of Texas proceeded to execute Mr. Tamayo as scheduled.

The Inter-American Commission deplores the failure on the part of the United States and the state of Texas to comply with the recommendations issued by the IACHR in a merits report. The failure of the United States to preserve Mr. Tamayo's life pending a recommendation by the IACHR to review his trial and sentence contravenes its international legal obligations derived from the Charter of the Organization of American States and the American Declaration which are in force since the United States joined the OAS in 1951. This failure to comply with the Commission’s recommendations resulted in serious and irreparable harm to Mr. Tamayo’s most fundamental right, the right to life.

The Inter-American Commission has dealt with the death penalty as a crucial human rights challenge for decades. While a majority of the member States of the Organization of American States has abolished capital punishment, a substantial minority retains it. In this regard, the Commission notes that the United States is currently the only country in the Western hemisphere to carry out executions.

The Commission reiterates the recommendation made in its report “The Death Penalty in the Inter-American Human Rights System: From Restrictions to Abolition” published in 2012, that States impose a moratorium on executions as a step toward the gradual disappearance of this penalty.

A principal, autonomous body of the Organization of American States (OAS), the IACHR derives its mandate from the OAS Charter and the American Convention on Human Rights. The Inter-American Commission has a mandate to promote respect for human rights in the region and acts as a consultative body to the OAS in this matter. The Commission is composed of seven independent members who are elected in a personal capacity by the OAS General Assembly and who do not represent their countries of origin or residence. (Source: IACHR)

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