USA | Biden commutes sentences of 37 of the 40 men on federal death row, excluding Robert Bowers, Dylann Roof, Dzhokhar Tsarnaev
Biden did not commute the sentences of three men who were involved in cases of terrorism or hate-fueled mass murder, including Robert Bowers, convicted for the 2018 mass shooting at a Pittsburgh synagogue; Dylann Roof, convicted for the 2015 mass shooting at a Black church in Charleston, S.C.; and Dzhokhar Tsarnaev, convicted of the 2013 bombing at the Boston Marathon.
In a statement, the president said the commutations are in line with the 2021 moratorium his administration imposed on federal executions.
"Make no mistake: I condemn these murderers, grieve for the victims of their despicable acts, and ache for all the families who have suffered unimaginable and irreparable loss," Biden said. Citing his experience as a public defender and an elected official, Biden added, "I am more convinced than ever that we must stop the use of the death penalty at the federal level."
He also hinted that possible action by the incoming Trump administration was part of his motivation.
"In good conscience, I cannot stand back and let a new administration resume executions that I halted," Biden said.
Among those whose sentences were commuted are: former New Orleans police officer Len Davis, who was convicted for hiring a hitman to kill a woman who filed a complaint against him; Brandon Council, who was convicted of killing two women during a bank robbery and told agents that "demons" were controlling peoples' minds; and Billie Jerome Allen, who was convicted for his involvement in a bank robbery but waged a public campaign for his innocence (he spoke with NPR from his prison cell before Biden commuted his sentence).
Biden has said he opposes the death penalty but had taken little action until now
Advocates, religious leaders and former prison officials had been urging Biden to take this step with his pardon power, including Pope Francis, who weighed in from St. Peter's Square on Dec. 8.
Biden had pledged during his 2020 presidential campaign to abolish the death penalty and said he would support legislation to eliminate the death penalty at the federal level, but the Biden administration took little action to address the issue in Congress. Legislation introduced by Democrats to end the death penalty went nowhere.
“By leaving 3 men on death row, who invariably now stand to be put to death, President Biden perpetuates the preposterous belief that there are indeed certain categories of people who ‘deserve’ and merit execution, and for whom no mercy or compassion can or will be shown.” — Rick Halperin, co-founder of Human Rights Dallas and director of SMU’s Human Rights Education Program
After President-elect Donald Trump won the election last month, advocates started re-emphasizing the issue because of Trump's record on federal executions. Trump had reinstated federal executions during his first term, in July 2019, after a 17-year pause. A total of 13 people were executed between then and the end of his term — a record number of federal executions for a single president.
Biden's commutations for those on death row are also much higher than those of his Democratic predecessors. Former President Barack Obama commuted two death sentences at the end of his time in office, while former President Bill Clinton commuted one.
Biden's actions come shortly after he pardoned 39 individuals who were convicted of nonviolent crimes, and commuted the sentences of nearly 1,500 others who were placed on home confinement during the COVID pandemic.
Monday's announcement also follows controversy over Biden's pardon of his own son, Hunter Biden, for gun and tax charges.
* Please read the Op-ed by Austin Sarat: Biden Fails a Death Penalty Abolitionist’s Most Important Test
Source: NPR, Staff, December 23, 2024
Biden gives life in prison to 37 of 40 federal death row inmates so Trump can’t have them executed
The move spares the lives of people convicted in killings, including the slayings of police and military officers, people on federal land and those involved in deadly bank robberies or drug deals, as well as the killings of guards or prisoners in federal facilities.
It means just three federal inmates are still facing execution. They are Dylann Roof, who carried out the 2015 racist slayings of nine Black members of Mother Emanuel AME Church in Charleston, South Carolina, 2013 Boston Marathon bomber Dzhokhar Tsarnaev and Robert Bowers, who fatally shot 11 congregants at Pittsburgh’s Tree of life Synagogue in 2018, the deadliest antisemitic attack in U.S history.
“I’ve dedicated my career to reducing violent crime and ensuring a fair and effective justice system,” Biden said in a statement. “Today, I am commuting the sentences of 37 of the 40 individuals on federal death row to life sentences without the possibility of parole. These commutations are consistent with the moratorium my administration has imposed on federal executions, in cases other than terrorism and hate-motivated mass murder.”
The Biden administration in 2021 announced a moratorium on federal capital punishment to study the protocols used, which suspended executions during Biden’s term. But Biden actually had promised to go further on the issue in the past, pledging to end federal executions without the caveats for terrorism and hate-motivated, mass killings.
While running for president in 2020, Biden’s campaign website said he would “work to pass legislation to eliminate the death penalty at the federal level, and incentivize states to follow the federal government’s example.”
Similar language didn’t appear on Biden’s reelection website before he left the presidential race in July.
“Make no mistake: I condemn these murderers, grieve for the victims of their despicable acts, and ache for all the families who have suffered unimaginable and irreparable loss,” Biden’s statement said. “But guided by my conscience and my experience as a public defender, chairman of the Senate Judiciary Committee, vice president, and now president, I am more convinced than ever that we must stop the use of the death penalty at the federal level.”
He took a political jab at Trump, saying, “In good conscience, I cannot stand back and let a new administration resume executions that I halted.”
Indeed, Trump, who takes office on Jan. 20, has spoken frequently of expanding executions. In a speech announcing his 2024 campaign, Trump called for those “caught selling drugs to receive the death penalty for their heinous acts.” He later promised to execute drug and human smugglers and even praised China’s harsher treatment of drug peddlers. During his first term as president, Trump also advocated for the death penalty for drug dealers.
There were 13 federal executions during Trump’s first term, more than under any president in modern history, and some may have happened fast enough to have contributed to the spread of the coronavirus at the federal death row facility in Indiana.
Those were the first federal executions since 2003. The final three occurred after Election Day in November 2020 but before Trump left office the following January, the first time federal prisoners were put to death by a lame-duck president since Grover Cleveland in 1889.
Biden faced recent pressure from advocacy groups urging him to act to make it more difficult for Trump to increase the use of capital punishment for federal inmates. The president’s announcement also comes less than two weeks after he commuted the sentences of roughly 1,500 people who were released from prison and placed on home confinement during the COVID-19 pandemic, and of 39 others convicted of nonviolent crimes, the largest single-day act of clemency in modern history.
The announcement also followed the post-election pardon that Biden granted his son Hunter on federal gun and tax charges after long saying he would not issue one, sparking an uproar in Washington. The pardon also raised questions about whether he would issue sweeping preemptive pardons for administration officials and other allies who the White House worries could be unjustly targeted by Trump’s second administration.
Speculation that Biden could commute federal death sentences intensified last week after the White House announced he plans to visit Italy on the final foreign trip of his presidency next month. Biden, a practicing Catholic, will meet with Pope Francis, who recently called for prayers for U.S. death row inmates in hopes their sentences will be commuted.
Martin Luther King III, who publicly urged Biden to change the death sentences, said in a statement issued by the White House that the president “has done what no president before him was willing to do: take meaningful and lasting action not just to acknowledge the death penalty’s racist roots but also to remedy its persistent unfairness.”
Donnie Oliverio, a retired Ohio police officer whose partner was killed by one of the men whose death sentence was converted, said the execution of “the person who killed my police partner and best friend would have brought me no peace.”
“The president has done what is right here,” Oliverio said in a statement also issued by the White House, “and what is consistent with the faith he and I share.”
Source: The Associated Press, Will Weissert and Darlene Superville, December 23.2024
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"One is absolutely sickened, not by the crimes that the wicked have committed,
but by the punishments that the good have inflicted."
but by the punishments that the good have inflicted."
— Oscar Wilde
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