Oct 21 (Reuters)—Burkina Faso’s transitional legislature, the 71-member Assemblée législative du peuple (People’s Legislative Assembly), unanimously adopted a revised penal code on Tuesday that restores the death penalty, nearly a decade after the West African country abolished capital punishment, the Justice Ministry said in a statement.
The revised code reintroduces the death penalty for crimes including terrorism (for authors and accomplices), espionage, treason, parricide, and the importation of expired or banned products that result in death, according to state-run media and the ministry. The new text is a substantial revision of the 2018 penal code and also toughens penalties for other offenses, such as certain large-scale economic crimes.
Justice Minister Edasso Rodrigue Bayala presented the bill on behalf of the government. He said the relative lenience of the previous penal code had helped armed groups recruit members by allowing them to tell potential recruits they faced limited consequences if caught.
Burkina Faso has struggled for years to contain an Islamist insurgency linked to al-Qaeda and the Islamic State that has killed thousands of people and displaced millions. The government has presented the change as part of its response to that insurgency and as a measure to strengthen public order and security. The move puts it at odds with rights groups that say the restored death penalty could be used against critics.
Human Rights Watch said, when the Council of Ministers first approved the bill in December 2025, that reinstating the death penalty could deepen repression, entrench a climate of fear, and send a chilling message to opponents of the military government. HRW opposes capital punishment in all circumstances.
Burkina Faso has been under military rule since a 2022 coup led by Capt. Ibrahim Traoré. The Assemblée législative du peuple is a transitional body whose members are designated by the head of state, defense and security forces, regional stakeholders, and civil society rather than elected by popular vote.
The country abolished the death penalty in 2018. Its last known judicial execution was in 1988, according to Amnesty International. It had already been de facto abolitionist for decades before the formal change.
Relations with France, the former colonial power and longtime security partner, have collapsed under Traoré. French troops were withdrawn, diplomats expelled, and in June 2026 Ouagadougou severed diplomatic ties, accusing Paris of neo-colonial interference. France called the decision hostile and unfounded.
Source: Reuters, DPN, Staff, AI, October 21, 2026
"One is absolutely sickened, not by the crimes that the wicked have committed,
but by the punishments that the good have inflicted."
— Oscar Wilde
but by the punishments that the good have inflicted."
— Oscar Wilde
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