Skip to main content

Cheetah researchers accused of spying sentenced in Iran

Wildlife researchers arrested in Iran were studying the critically endangered Asiatic cheetah.
Scientists and conservationists condemned the verdict, warning about the dangers of mixing politics and conservation.

A COURT IN Tehran today has handed down a guilty verdict for eight cheetah researchers accused of spying, with sentences ranging from six to ten years.

The researchers all work for the Persian Wildlife Heritage Foundation (PWHF), a Tehran-based nonprofit conservation organization dedicated to saving the Asiatic cheetah and other species. They have spent almost two years in jail since their arrest in early 2018. The intelligence branch of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps accused them of spying on Iran for enemy countries.

RELATED | Iran: Environmentalists filmed cheetahs. They could now be executed for spying.

PWHF founder Morad Tahbaz (who holds both U.S. and Iranian citizenship) and program manager Niloufar Bayani both received 10-year sentences, while Houman Jowkar and Taher Ghadirian were sentenced to eight years each, and Sepideh Kashani and Amirhossein Khaleghi Hamidi sentenced to six. It is not yet clear what the sentences are for Abdolreza Kouhpayeh and Sam Radjabi.

The verdicts were reportedly presented to the defendants without their lawyers present, according to a journalist with Iran International, a UK-based Persian-language television channel. Iranian state media had not confirmed the sentences at the time of publication, but a defendant's former lawyer confirmed the sentences on Iran International.

“It’s unfortunate that my friends, who led their lives in service of the environment and wildlife conservation, had any charges made against them to begin with, but even more surprising that they have received an exaggerated sentenced despite the fact that not a single shred of evidence...has been produced,” said Mehran Seyed-Emami in an email. He is the son of PWHF’s managing director Kavous Seyed-Emami, a dual Iranian-Canadian citizen who died in custody in Evin Prison in 2018. Despite his family’s calls for an independent investigation, one has not been permitted.

Four of the researchers initially faced charges of “sowing corruption on Earth,” which carried a possible death penalty. Those charges were dropped in mid-October for unknown reasons. Few details have emerged from the closed court hearings, but Niloufar Bayani’s reportedly defiant testimony, which alleged psychological, physical, and pharmaceutical torture in detention, according to The Center for Human Rights in Iran, casts further doubt on the integrity of the judicial process and raised concerns of forced confessions.

Several inquiries, including by government’s intelligence ministry (which is separate from the Revolutionary Guards’ intelligence branch), the Supreme National Security Council, and Department of the Environment, with which PWHF worked closely, failed to turn up any evidence suggesting the researchers were involved with spying, Seyed-Emami said.

The verdicts come as protests triggered by rising fuel costs roil Iran, with the country in the grips of a comprehensive internet shutdown.

Researchers and conservationists who worked with the eight reject the allegations against their colleagues and say the organization’s upstanding conservation work was jeopardised by a donor with a political agenda. The verdicts are sure to draw further condemnation by scientific, conservation, and human rights groups, which have noted a broader crackdown on environmental activists in Iran. Amnesty International counted 63 arrests in 2018, based on media reports.

When conservation and politics clash


The case has stirred controversy within the big cat community.

PWHF occasionally worked with the New York-based Panthera, one of the most prominent big cat conservation organizations in the world. On several instances, Panthera provided technical assistance and sent experts to Iran as part of the Conservation of Asiatic Cheetah and Its Habitat Project (CACP), funded by the United Nations and Iran’s Department of the Environment.

But in October 2017, PWHF severed ties with Panthera over anti-Iran comments made by its billionaire founder Thomas Kaplan. Kaplan helps fund the lobby group United Against Nuclear Iran, which argues for sanctions and regime change, and pushed heavily for the U.S. to withdraw from the Iran nuclear deal. The organization counts among its members a number of senior intelligence and defence figures, including the former heads of Mossad and the CIA—agencies the researchers would ultimately be accused of working for.

A letter seen by National Geographic from PWHF to Panthera suggests the Iranian researchers were worried that being associated with an organization linked to someone publicly criticizing Iran could be problematic for them.

Preeminent biologist, conservationist, and author George Schaller wrote in an open letter that he strongly condemns the fact that Kaplan “[let] politics intrude into conservation,” and confirmed he had severed all ties with Panthera. (He was previously vice president and chair of the Cat Advisory Council).

Panthera and Thomas Kaplan have not responded to requests for comment, but when he was on The David Rubenstein Show earlier this year, Kaplan explained that wildlife conservation is a passion that dates back to childhood.

“I had a dream that if I was going to go into business, one day I would be able to pivot back to this first great love and to enable the great wildlife conservationists who did have those aptitudes, so that they would be able to save the species that we love,” he said.

Other notable conservationists have spoken out too, including Jane Goodall, who recorded a video appealing to Iran’s leaders for clemency, quoting 13th-century Persian poet Rumi: “In this earth, in this immaculate field, we shall not plant any seeds except of compassion, except of love.”

A former deputy head of Iran’s Department of Environment, Kaveh Madani, who went into self-imposed exile in the U.S. after hardliners accused him of being a foreign saboteur, wrote in a blog post prior to the verdicts’ announcement that “power games of radicals for selfish ends are jeopardizing the sincere efforts of Iran’s environmental community.”

‘Any hope for nature’


Saving endangered species requires international cooperation, and scientists are warning about the dangers of letting politics get in the way.

It “could easily have been one of us,” said ecologist and National Geographic explorer Rodrigo Medellín at a scientific meeting in Bonn last week.

“The protection of threatened biodiversity...should, and must, transcend politics,” wrote Sarah Durant, cheetah researcher and professor of conservation science at the Zoological Society of London, in an email before the sentencing. She added that when the international community is considering sanctions against a particular country, access to international support and expertise for the purpose of conservation should be exempt from sanctions.

“The conservationists currently imprisoned are some of the leading wildlife conservationists in Iran,” Durant said. “Before their arrest, their commitment to wildlife conservation had been making a real difference to Asiatic cheetah conservation.”

Extinction of the Asiatic cheetah is imminent without concerted, immediate conservation, she said. The species once had a home range that spanned from the Red Sea to eastern India. Today there are believed to be only 50 cats left, all in Iran. Conservationists warn that failure to act will see it go the way of the Persian lion and the Caspian tiger.

“Their imprisonment has seriously hampered the conservation of Asiatic cheetah,” Durant said.

Former Panthera employee and National Geographic explorer Tanya Rosen, who works on big cat conservation in central Asia, had been working with the PWHF to organize a cheetah summit in Iran prior to their arrests, which she describes as “a last-ditch effort to generate funding to save the species”.

When her colleagues were arrested, she and others sought to raise awareness of the case using the hashtag #AnyHopeForNature, a reference to Amirhossein Khaleghi Hamidi’s Instagram handle. “I started seeing the future of Asiatic cheetahs linked to those of our friends in jail,” she says. “There is hope for the Asiatic cheetah only if there is hope for our friends to be free.”

Source: nationalgeographic.com, K. E. Long, November 20, 2019


⚑ | Report an error, an omission, a typo; suggest a story or a new angle to an existing story; submit a piece, a comment; recommend a resource; contact the webmaster, contact us: deathpenaltynews@gmail.com.


Opposed to Capital Punishment? Help us keep this blog up and running! DONATE!



"One is absolutely sickened, not by the crimes that the wicked have committed,
but by the punishments that the good have inflicted." -- Oscar Wilde

Most viewed (Last 7 days)

Florida Set to Execute Man Who Said He Killed to Reach Death Row, Challenging Misconception that Death Penalty Deters Crime

Florida is scheduled to execute James Robertson at noon on Tuesday, October 13, at Florida State Prison. His execution remains scheduled despite the withdrawal of William Lee Thompson’s death warrant, which had called for a 2nd execution that evening. If completed, this will be Florida’s 17th execution of 2026. Floridians for Alternatives to the Death Penalty (FADP) and partners will be holding a series of vigils and demonstrations across the state. 

Tennessee | Republicans legislature to investigate other execution methods after failed lethal injections

Republican leaders in Tennessee’s legislature say they will investigate the reliability of lethal injection as an execution method after the state failed to execute two death row inmates in the span of five months. Gov. Bill Lee stopped the May execution of Tony Carruthers after a physician unsuccessfully attempted to insert intravenous lines to begin the lethal injection process for over an hour. Death row inmate Christa Pike survived two failed rounds of Tennessee’s lethal injection protocol on Sept. 30 before the execution was halted. Pike, who was sentenced to death for the 1995 murder of Colleen Slemmer, is receiving medical care in a Nashville hospital. 

Christa Pike's Survival Wasn't a Miracle. That's What Should Scare Us.

What happened in Tennessee's execution chamber is one of the most common failures in medicine Christa Pike is awake. A week after Tennessee strapped her to a gurney and gave her two doses of pentobarbital , she is off the ventilator and speaking from a hospital bed, still shackled to it. Her lawyers call her recovery " medically unprecedented. " Legal scholars say she is the first person in American history to survive a lethal injection after the drug was actually given. I understand the impulse to make such claims. I consulted for Pike's legal team, but I have also spent three decades in operating rooms and intensive care units (ICUs), and I want to resist the word "unprecedented" and the word "miracle" that hovers just behind it.

What Tennessee wants to do next to Christa Pike is beyond grim

Christa Pike, the woman who survived two execution attempts in Tennessee earlier this week, remains hospitalized in critical condition, where presumably medical staff is at work trying to keep her alive.  If she wakes from the coma she had entered, Tennessee officials want to start anew to inject lethal drugs into her seemingly too-small veins to kill her and carry out the state death warrant. Pike also is being treated for “significant injuries to both arms” sustained when two lethal injections of pentobarbital failed to kill her. If she dies, there will be no need to try again.  As we know by now, Tennessee tried to put Pike to death Wednesday night by lethal injection for a murder she committed when she was 18. She would have been the first woman executed in the state in 200 years. 

USA | Firing squad execution to be livestreamed, Pentagon says

The public will be able to watch the execution of a former US Army major by firing squad, US Defence Secretary Pete Hegseth has said. A Defense Department official told the BBC the execution of Nidal Hasan, who shot dead 13 unarmed US soldiers at Fort Hood in 2009, would be livestreamed. It is believed it would be the first public execution in the US in almost a century. The decision to livestream it is "unprecedented in the modern era" and "on uncertain legal terrain", said John Mills, a lawyer who works with inmates sentenced to death.

Tennessee | Christa Pike’s lawyer says she has not regained consciousness since her failed execution

Christa Pike has remained unconscious and on a ventilator at a hospital in the four days since her failed execution in Tennessee, and her prognosis might not be known for days more, one of her lawyers said Sunday. Little has been released about Pike’s condition since Wednesday night’s execution attempt. She has since remained hospitalized under guard as doctors try to get the massive dose of the barbiturate pentobarbital out of her system. When asked whether she ever regained consciousness after the execution attempt, Assistant Federal Defender Stephen Ferrell, Pike’s lawyer, said on CNN’s “State of the Union”: “Not that I am aware of.”

Christa Pike: 4 Major Questions As She Returns to Death Row

As Christa Pike returns to death row after surviving Tennessee’s attempt to execute her, several questions remain about her case and what comes next.  Pike, 50, was discharged from hospital and moved back to the Debra K. Johnson Rehabilitation Center, the women’s prison where she was housed for 30 years, her attorneys said on Saturday.  She was hospitalized after surviving 2 doses of the lethal drug pentobarbital as Tennessee attempted to execute her on September 30. Pike was sentenced to death for the 1995 murder of 19-year-old Colleen Slemmer, her classmate at a Job Corps training program in Knoxville, Tennessee. Pike was 18 at the time. 

Opinion | I Know Christa Pike’s Medical History. What Tennessee Did Is Unforgivable.

Dr. Zivot is an anesthesiologist and intensive care physician. He consulted on Christa Pike’s case before her attempted execution.   On Wednesday night, Christa Pike lay strapped to a gurney at Riverbend Maximum Security Institution in Nashville while the State of Tennessee injected pentobarbital, a sedative that is lethal in high doses, into her veins. When the 1st dose did not kill her, the execution team gave her a 2nd. At one point, she told the room her arm felt as if it were about to burst. She was nearly correct. More than an hour after the procedure began, an ambulance was called. She was severely injured but still alive. 

Florida executes James Robertson

STARKE, Fla. — A Florida prisoner who said he killed his cellmate specifically to get on death row was executed Tuesday, nearly 18 years after the attack. James Robertson, 63, declined to offer any last words before receiving a three-drug injection and was pronounced dead about 10 minutes later. It was a stark contrast to the failed execution of Christa Pike in Tennessee two weeks ago, where she was rushed to the hospital after surviving two lethal doses of pentobarbital.

After Christa Pike survives lethal injection, America's shameful botched executions

The US is one of the few Western nations that still permits the death penalty, carried out regularly in 27 states. And in a country where regional political culture strongly favours retributive justice, it is no wonder capital punishment remains an enduring part of the American legal system. But following Christa Pike's botched lethal injection last week, fresh questions are being raised over whether executing convicted murderers and rapists outweighs the risks of an innocent person being put to death, or of an execution going so badly that a prisoner is left to die in agony, or even survives the attempt.