Skip to main content

Plight of Iran's death-row youngsters


Mohammad Mostafaie has a burden probably unique in the world.

He is the defence lawyer for 25 young people, all facing the death penalty.

The files lie thick on his desk. The young clients all stare blankly out in passport photos he spreads out on the table.

This is Iran, the world leader in the execution of juveniles.

It is one of the last remaining countries that still imposes the death penalty on children, for crimes committed under the age of 18.

No-one knows exactly how many juveniles have been executed in Iran in recent years.

International human rights groups say at least 6 have been killed in 2008.

Mr Mostafaie says 26 juveniles have been executed in the last 2 years. More than 120 are now under imminent threat.

'Ideal son'

Take the case of Mostafa Naqdi.

His mother Shahnaz will tell you he is a good Muslim, and an ideal son, who gave up school and worked all hours to help support his family.

One day in 2004, he was riding his motorcycle when he stopped outside a school in an area called Tehran Pars.

As children streamed out of the school, one of them grabbed the bike's ignition key. It should just have been a silly prank. But a fight broke out and then got out of control.

Mostafa says he grabbed a blunt instrument and lunged out at another boy holding him. Tragically, the blow punctured the lung of the other boy, Masoud, who died later that afternoon.

Mostafa may have been guilty of manslaughter, or possibly it was self-defence. In any case he was only 15-years old at the time. But now he is facing execution.

His mother is distraught, and bewildered.

"This sort of execution is for someone my age not for a 15-year-old boy who can't distinguish between good and bad," she told me.

"How can a teenage boy, who just found himself in the middle of a fight, be expected to understand what is going on?"

It is just the sort of case that Mohammad Mostafaie deals with all the time.

He said that none of his 25 clients had any intention to commit murder.

'No criminality'

"They have done the crimes unintentionally," he explained.

"I have talked to all of these people face to face. They talk to me about their childhood and they talk about what happened to them in their childhood.

"When you talk to them, there is no hint of criminality in their face and in their thoughts.

"They can't conceive of the fact that they might be hanged. They are pitiful. Most of the people who are killed by these people were bigger than them, and stronger. They killed them because they were scared."

According to Mr Mostafaie, many of the children didn't have lawyers when they were first arrested.

They make damaging statements, he says, and sometimes they are tricked into making confessions. They appear in adult courts where judges are not used to dealing with juveniles.

Listening to his accounts, it appears that much of the treatment of juvenile offenders is as much the result of ignorance and indifference as any actual policy.

Mr Mostafaie described how the parents of one of his other young clients were only told that their son was about to be executed the night before.

No-one even thought to arrange a last meeting between them and their son.

And although there does seem to be strong support in Iran for the death penalty as a whole, the lawyer does not believe most Iranians are in favour of imposing it on juveniles.

Blood money

"It is interesting when I tell people about these children, or release the information in newspapers," he said.

"People don't want these murderers executed, they are sorry to see them executed. There are lots of people who say they want to stop the executions at any cost."

As for the Iranian government, it recently announced an end to child executions. But a few days later a spokesman made it clear that did not include so called "blood money" or "Qeisas" cases, which make up the vast majority of executions.

"According to the Justice Ministry spokesman, these cases are not technically "execution" but private "retaliation" sanctioned by Islamic law. Something the Islamic Republic is powerless to prevent.

Some human rights campaigners believe the misleading announcement was part of an attempt by Iran to influence events at the UN, where delegates are holding their annual discussion about human rights in the Islamic Republic.

Certainly, Iran is sensitive to any suggestion that its behaviour in any way falls below the most civilised standards.

Iran has signed and ratified the International Convention on the Rights of the Child, which explicitly bans such executions. But it has entered a reservation, the government says exempts it from any provision that goes against Islamic law.

Mrs Naqdi has impoverished herself defending her son Mostafa, though Mr Mostafaie has now taken on the case for free.

In the one-room house she has now moved into, she showed me photos of Mostafa, a proud member of several prison sports teams.

When he was first arrested, he was so under-developed that the authorities did not believe he was 15. Even now, four years later, he is a gangly youth, certainly not grown into a man.

Close to tears

As we looked at the photos together, Mostafa himself came on the phone from prison, his voice firm yet emotional. A tear trickled down his mother's cheek as she spoke to him.

His fate now depends on whether the family of the victim, Masoud, accept blood money, or demand his execution as retaliation.

So, I asked him, did he have a message for the victim's family?

"I know I did something wrong, but I was just a child," he said.

"I did wrong and mankind is like that. But I want to live. I know they are suffering. My family has suffered too. Not as much as them - they have lost their son.

"I just want them to forgive me. I can't do anything else. Their son won't come back by executing me. I can just say that I kiss their hands for forgiveness."

Source: BBC News

Comments

Most viewed (Last 7 days)

Tibetan protesters executed for Lhasa riot killings

Tibetan exiles have reported the first executions of those convicted for rioting last year in Lhasa, with at least two people put to death in a rare implementation of capital punishment in the restive region. Two Tibetans convicted of arson and sentenced to death in April were executed on Tuesday morning in Lhasa, reported The Tibetan Centre for Human Rights and Democracy, which is based in the Indian town of Dharamsala—the home in exile of the Dalai Lama. It said that Lobsang Gyaltsen and Loyak had been sentenced to death for their part in setting fire to five shops in the Tibetan capital, killing seven people, in the riot that rocked Lhasa in March last year. Officials say that 21 people — including three Tibetan protesters — died in the violence, which embarrassed Beijing just as it was preparing to stage the Olympic Games and prompted a security crackdown across the Himalayan region. The body of Mr. Gyaltsen had been returned to his family and then submitted to a river burial—an un...

Two Germans to be caned, jailed for Singapore train graffiti

"Singapore: Disneyland with the death penalty" A Singapore court sentenced two Germans to nine months in prison and three strokes of the cane on Thursday after they pleaded guilty to breaking into a depot and spray-painting graffiti on a commuter train carriage. Andreas Von Knorre, 22, and Elton Hinz, 21, both expressed remorse while being sentenced in the state courts of the island republic. “This is the darkest episode of my entire life,” said Von Knorre. “I want to apologise to the state of Singapore for the stupid act ... I’ve learnt my lesson and will never do it again.” Hinz added: “I promise I will never do it again. I want to apologise to you, and my family for the shame and situation I’ve put them into.”  Both were dressed in prison uniform — a white T-shirt and brown trousers with the word “Prisoner” down the sides and on the back. They spoke to the court in English. Singapore sentences hundreds of prisoners to caning each year as part of a syst...

Indiana | ‘Dignity’ is a poor excuse for blocking press access to state executions

Indiana law says that the press has no right to be present when the state carries out executions. It limits those who can attend to the warden of the prison where the execution is carried out, immediate family members of the crime victim, no more than five friends or relatives of the convicted person, the prison physician, and the prison chaplain. Only if an inmate selects a member of the press as one of the five friends may they attend.

Iran: Delara Darabi has now been scheduled for execution

Delara Darabi has now been scheduled for execution, according to the Iranian newspaper Etemad on 18 April, according to another source on 20 April. She was convicted of murdering a relative when she was 17. Unless the Judiciary intervenes, she can now escape execution only if the woman’s entire family accept payment of diyeh, or blood money. One of the familly is said to be undecided. Iran is a state party to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the Convention on the Rights of the Child, which prohibit the use of the death penalty against people convicted of crimes committed when they were under 18. RECOMMENDED ACTION: Please send appeals to arrive as quickly as possible: - expressing concern that Delara Darabi is in imminent danger of execution for a crime committed when she was under 18; - calling on the authorities to halt the execution of Delara Darabi immediately, and commute her death sentence; - reminding the authorities that Iran is a state part...

Florida | Former prison warden who oversaw executions urges corrections workers to not participate in them

Recently Florida carried out the execution of Dusty Spencer , a 74-year-old Marine veteran, for the murder of his wife, Karen, in 1992. It was the ninth Florida execution this year. For their own sake, I urge Florida’s corrections workers to refuse to carry out another one. Before you dismiss me as some soft lefty, you should know that I am an Air Force veteran. I voted for Ron DeSantis for governor twice—and for Donald Trump for president three times.

Iraq: Saddam Hussein Execution was Moved Forward Because of Gaddafi Rescue Plans, Judge Says

Saddam Hussein's execution on December 30, 2006 The execution of former Iraqi President Saddam Hussein was accelerated due to the belief that the then Libyan leader, Muammar El-Gaddafi, had a plan to rescue him from prison, Judge Mounir Haddad revealed today. Hadad, who presided over the trial of Hussein, revealed to the Al-Arabiya Satellite Channel Point of Order program new details of the trial against the former president and his last moments before being hanged, including the 'health and welfare' votes for the magistrate himself . According to his testimony, the application of the death penalty to Saddam Hussein was precipitated because authorities knew that El-Gaddafi - later murdered in 2011 - was allegedly trying to bribe US guards who guarded him to rescue him from prison. He added that, contrary to previous reports from the local and US press, former Iraqi President Jalal Talabani gave his 'implicit approval' for Hussein's execution, an...

As Idaho Reinstates Firing Squad, Volunteers Sought for Executions

The state becomes the first in the U.S. to make the firing squad the standard method of capital punishment Idaho is opening a new phase in the administration of capital punishment in the United States, returning to the firing squad as the default method of execution. The decision reintroduces a system that has been abolished or abandoned in most of the country and is now being reorganized through a formal and highly structured framework. The new death penalty protocol State authorities have begun recruiting volunteer law enforcement officers to take part in executions. The operational model includes three primary shooters assigned to carry out the execution, two alternates, and one operations coordinator. All participants will remain anonymous, known only to the prison warden and deputy warden.

Halfway through the year, Saudi Arabia has already executed nearly 100 people

Almost 100 people executed so far this year as dozens more remain on death row for drug-related offences Saudi Arabian authorities have executed nearly 100 people so far this year, including at least 61 for drug-related offences, the latest of which was on 18 June. In response, Dana Ahmed, Middle East Researcher at Amnesty International, said today: “It is halfway through the year and Saudi Arabia has executed nearly 100 people, a grim milestone exposing the authorities’ unconscionable and unlawful use of the death penalty. Of the 96 people put to death already in 2026, an astounding 61 were executed for drug-related offences; 39 of them were foreign nationals and 22 Saudi nationals.

Florida executes Dusty Ray Spencer

74-year-old man becomes oldest inmate executed in modern Florida history  A 74-year-old man convicted of fatally stabbing his wife became the oldest person executed in Florida’s modern history on Thursday, and the state is scheduled to execute another 74-year-old inmate next month.  Dusty Ray Spencer was pronounced dead at 6:10 p.m. following a 3-drug injection at Florida State Prison near Starke. Spencer was convicted of the 1992 stabbing death of his wife Karen. 

Iran: Prisoner of conscience Mohsen Amir Aslani hanged for ‘different interpretation of Quran’

Mohsen Amir Aslani NCRI - The Iranian Resistance calls on the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights and the Human Rights Council, as well as all international human rights organizations to strongly condemn the execution of prisoner of conscience Mr Mohsen Amir Aslani on charges of “corruption on earth; changing Islam’s principles and secondary laws; and new interpretation of Quran”.  It further calls for adoption of binding decisions against the growing number of arbitrary executions by the religious fascism ruling Iran. Mr. Amir Aslani, 37, who had been in prison since eight years ago, was once sentenced to four years in prison which was later commuted to twenty-eight months. However, as more fabricated charges were brought against him, the head henchman Judge Salavati condemned him to death. The Iranian regime has refraining from handing over the body of this prisoner to his family through stonewalling and offering contradictory answers to them. The execution...