Irán ejecutó a 582 personas en 2022, un 75% más que el año anterior

Según informes, el gobierno iraní ejecutó al menos a 582 personas en 2022, lo que supone un aumento del 75 por ciento respecto al año anterior, en lo que un informe ha calificado de "máquina de ejecuciones" del país.

En un informe elaborado por dos grupos de derechos humanos, Iran Human Rights (IHR), con sede en Noruega, y Together Against the Death Penalty (ECPM), con sede en Francia, se revela que las autoridades iraníes ahorcaron al menos a 582 personas en 2022, lo que supone un fuerte aumento del 75 por ciento respecto a las 333 personas ejecutadas en 2021. Se cita como el mayor número de ahorcamientos en el país desde 2015.

Este aumento se explica por el hecho de que las autoridades iraníes arrestaron, detuvieron y a menudo procesaron a decenas de miles de personas en las protestas que estallaron en todo el país desde septiembre, cuando la joven de 22 años Mahsa Amini murió bajo custodia policial por violar supuestamente las leyes sobre el hiyab.

Decenas de iraníes han sido condenados a muerte por su participación en las protestas, en procesos abiertamente políticos pero, según el director del IHR, Mahmood Amiry Moghaddam, "las reacciones internacionales a las condenas a muerte contra manifestantes han dificultado que la República Islámica proceda a sus ejecuciones".

En lugar de centrarse en las acusaciones políticas, en un esfuerzo por evitar la presión internacional sin dejar de "sembrar el miedo entre la gente", Moghaddam afirmó que "las autoridades han intensificado las ejecuciones por cargos no políticos. Estas son las víctimas de bajo coste de la máquina de ejecuciones de la República Islámica".

El informe expresaba especialmente su preocupación por el fuerte aumento de los ahorcamientos por cargos relacionados con drogas, que supusieron el 44% del total de 582 ejecuciones del año pasado. La mitad de esos 582 ahorcamientos se produjeron tras el inicio de las protestas, lo que convierte a los delitos relacionados con drogas en un factor clave en los procesamientos por pena de muerte en el país en 2022, proporcionando supuestamente una tapadera para ejecuciones que, de otro modo, se habrían considerado políticas.

El informe reveló que las acusaciones de asesinato constituían la mayoría de las ejecuciones, con 288 -el 49% de los ahorcamientos- basadas en esos cargos.

También puso de relieve la persecución de las minorías del país, en su mayoría musulmanes suníes, e informó de que las ejecuciones de kurdos y árabes por las autoridades iraníes eran significativamente desproporcionadas en relación con el tamaño de su población, especialmente por los delitos de drogas antes mencionados. La minoría baluch también representaba el 30 por ciento de todas las ejecuciones del país, a pesar de representar sólo entre el 2 y el 6 por ciento de la población iraní.

"La pena de muerte forma parte de la discriminación sistemática y la amplia represión a las que están sometidas las minorías étnicas de Irán", afirmaba el informe.

Fuente: monitordeoriente.com, Staff, 14 de abril 2023

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